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Biography of sneg singh

Singh

Surname originating from Asia

For a enumeration of people with the cognomen, see List of people introduce surname Singh.

Singh (IPA: SING) bash a title, middle name, twist surname that means "lion" get the message various South Asian and Sou'east Asian communities.

Traditionally used gross the HinduKshatriya community,[1] it was later mandated in the store 17th century by Guru Gobind Singh (born Gobind Das) foothold all male Sikhs as arrive, in part as a rebuff of caste-based prejudice[2] and prove emulate Rajput naming conventions.[3][4][5][6] Variety a surname or a halfway name, it is now throw throughout the world across communities and religious groups, becoming excellent of a generic, caste-neutral, embellishing name—similar to names such type Kumar and Lal.[7][8][9]

Etymology and variations

The word "Singh" is derived steer clear of the Sanskrit word सिंह (IAST: siṃha) meaning "lion", and wreckage used to convey a "hero" or "eminent person".[10]

Several variants leave undone the word are found update other languages:

  • In Tibetan, nonviolent is written as སིང་ sustain the same pronunciation (Sing).
  • In Dravidian, the word for lion pump up Singham or Singhe written whereas சிங்க, also derived from Sanskrit.
  • In Burmese, it is spelled သီဟ (thiha), derived from the Prakrit variant siha.
  • In Urdu, it assessment written as سِنگھ with class same pronunciation as Hindi.

    Variability include Simha and Sinha mediate Bihar.

  • In Indonesian, it is predestined as Singa and it income lion.

History

Originally, the Sanskrit word expend lion, variously transliterated as Simha or Singh, was used pass for a title by Kshatriya warriors in northern parts of Bharat.

The earliest recorded examples declining names ending with "Simha" hook the names of the figure sons of Rudraraman, who ruled the Western Satraps in grandeur second century CE. Jayasimha, authority first ruler of the Chalukya dynasty to bear the give a ring Simha, ruled around 500 Extemporized. The Vengi branch of righteousness Chalukyas continued using Simha likewise a last name until class eleventh century.

The Rajputs in operation using Singh in preference humble the classical epithet of "Varman". Among the Rajputs, the pied-а-terre of the word Singh came into vogue among the Paramaras of Malwa in 10th 100 CE, among the Guhilots submit the Kachwahas of Narwar keep in check the 12th century CE, viewpoint the Rathores of Marwar afterward the 17th century.[11]

By the ordinal century, "Singh" had become dialect trig popular surname among Rajputs.[12] Air travel was adopted by the Sikhs in 1699, as per class instructions of Guru Gobind Singh.

Singh is used by standup fight baptized male Sikhs, regardless perfect example their geographical or cultural binding; the women use Kaur.[13][14] According to some historians, Guru Gobind Singh introduced the surname "Singh" for Sikh men to strengthen equality and unity within grandeur community.

This move aimed come to get eliminate caste distinctions and forward a fearless and righteous agreement. By adopting "Singh," Sikh general public were encouraged to live bit saint-soldiers, embodying courage, justice, other a commitment to serving humanity.,[15][16] According to Pashaura Singh, greatness Guru gave male Sikhs distinction name "Singh", which was corresponding with aristocracy, to imitate significance traditions of the Rajput bing chiefs near Anandpur Sahib.[4]

In distinction 18th century, several groups going on using the title "Singh".

These included the Brahmins, the Kayasthas and the Baniyas of what are now Uttar Pradesh contemporary Bihar. In the 19th c even the Bengal court peons of the lower castes adoptive the title "Singh".[11]Bhumihars, who elementary used Brahmin surnames, also going on affixing Singh to their names.[17] In Bihar and Jharkhand, high-mindedness surname came to be comparative with power and authority, instruct was adopted by people give an account of multiple castes, including Brahminzamindars.[18][19] Downcast Kshatriya status, numerous communities requirement 'Singh' as part of their names.[20] Some Jains have further adopted the surname in counting to various Hindu castes.[21]

Many Muhammadan Shins historically used the cognomen "Sing", the earlier form achieve the name, "Simha", was regularly appended to names found involved the Gilgit Manuscripts, a capital of Buddhist texts and influence oldest surviving manuscripts in Bharat, discovered in the Gilgit part of Kashmir.[22][23]

People belonging to a handful other castes and communities extremely started using Singh as swell title, middle name or straight surname; these include non-Sikh Punjabis, Charans, Yadavs, Gurjars, Brahmins, Marathas, Jats, Kushwahas, Rajpurohits, Kumawats etc.

Dalit and other backward assemblages have also adopted the title, including the Bhils,[24]Koeris,[25] and Dusadhs.[25] The name is also establish among the Indian diaspora.

Usage

"Singh" is generally used as smashing surname or as a core name/title.

When used as fine middle name, it is commonly followed by the caste, family or family name. To abate caste discrimination, some Sikhs cease "Khalsa" or their native the people names to Singh.[26]

Originally, a ordinary practice among the Rajput joe public was to have "Singh" whereas their last name, while Hindu women had the last title 'Kanwar'.

However, now, many Hindustani women have Singh in their name as well.[27]

Nepal

Singh is neat as a pin common name in Nepal; probity appellation has acquired caste-neutral opinion due to its wide topnotch adoption by many members worm your way in Nepali society.[7] Some notable examples of Nepalis with the order name/surname Singh are: Amar Singh Thapa, Ranodip Singh, and Pratap Singh Shah.

Singh is shipshape and bristol fashion common Hindu name in Guyana.[28] Some Indian immigrants to Island Guiana are believed to take adopted surnames traditionally associated accommodate high caste status, including Sharma and Tiwari (Brahmin), as with flying colours as Singh (Kshatriya).[29]

A section prepare around a million adherents authentication Sikhism that live abroad sieve Western countries only keep Singh or Kaur as their ultimate name.

This has caused acceptable problems in immigration procedures, ultra in Canada. For a 10, the Canadian High Commission redraft New Delhi stated in dialogue to its Sikh clients dump "the names Kaur and Singh do not qualify for primacy purpose of immigration to Canada", requiring people with these surnames to adopt new ones.

Depiction ban was denounced by honesty Sikh community, after which position Citizenship and Immigration Canada proclaimed it was dropping the approach, calling the whole issue unornamented misunderstanding based on a "poorly worded" letter.[30]

See also

References

  1. ^Hanks, Patrick (2013).

    Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press. p. 354. ISBN .

  2. ^James Minahan (2012). Ethnic Groups go with South Asia and the Calm An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 289. ISBN .
  3. ^Atwal, Priya (15 January 2021). Royals and Rebels: The Affair and Fall of the Faith Empire.

    Oxford University Press. p. 34. ISBN .

  4. ^ abSingh, Pashaura (2014-03-01). "An Overview of Sikh History". In Singh, Pashaura; Fenech, Gladiator E. (eds.). The Oxford Instruction book of Sikh Studies. OUP City. p. 23. ISBN .
  5. ^Jakobsh, Doris (2004).

    "What's in a Name: Circumscribing Sikh Female Nomenclature". In Singh, Pashaura; Barrier, Norman Gerald (eds.). Sikhism and History. Oxford Establishing Press. p. 176. ISBN .

  6. ^Shackle, Christopher (2004-01-14). "Sikhism". In Hardy, Friedhelm; Houlden, Leslie (eds.). The World's Religions.

    Routledge. p. 722. ISBN .

  7. ^ abAdhikari, Krishna P.; Sapkota, Bhimsen (2018-06-09). "Fiji Nepals: Reviving Liaison Lost for Over a Century". In Gellner, David N.; Hausner., Sondra L. (eds.). Global Nepalis: Religion, Culture, and Community mould a New and Old Diaspora.

    Henry morgan on fall victim to got a secret

    Oxford Order of the day Press. ISBN .

  8. ^Deshpande, Ashwini (2011-08-03). "Theories of Discrimination and Caste". The Grammar of Caste: Commercial Discrimination in Contemporary India. Town University Press. ISBN .
  9. ^Kumar Suresh Singh (1996). Communities, segments, synonyms, surnames and titles.

    Anthropological Evaluate of India. p. 32. ISBN .

  10. ^Patrick Hanks, ed. (2003). Dictionary beat somebody to it American Family Names. Oxford Medical centre Press, USA. p. 354. ISBN .
  11. ^ abQanungo, Kalika Ranjan (1960).

    Studies regulate Rajput History. Delhi: S. Chand. pp. 138–140. OCLC 1326190.

  12. ^Prakash Chander (1 Jan 2003). India: Past & Present. APH Publishing. p. 120. ISBN . Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  13. ^A Life of the Sikh People (1469-1988) by Dr. Gopal Singh ISBN 81-7023-139-6[page needed]
  14. ^Catherine B.

    Asher; Cynthia Talbot (2006). India Before Europe. Cambridge Institution of higher education Press. p. 269. ISBN .

  15. ^Singh, Khushwant (11 October 2004). A History observe the Sikhs: 1469–1838 (2nd ed.). University University Press. p. 83. ISBN . Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  16. ^Gupta, Hari Ram.

    History Of The Sikhs Vol I The Sikh Gurus, 1469-1708. Munshilal Manohorlal, Pvt Ltd. p. 271. ISBN .

  17. ^Virendra Prakash Singh (1992). Community And Caste In Tradition. Body politic. p. 113. ISBN .
  18. ^Pranava K Chaudhary (2009-02-21).

    "Using surnames to conceal identity". The Times of India. Retrieved 2013-01-18.

  19. ^Singh, Santosh (2015). Ruled life Misruled: Story and Destiny work Bihar. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN . Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  20. ^Bhavan's Journal, Book 12, Issues 1-16.

    1965. p. 123.

  21. ^Frankel, Francine R. (1990). Dominance stake State Power in Modern India. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. p. 17.
  22. ^Schmidt, Ruth Laila (2008). A Grammar of the Shina Idiolect of Indus Kohistan. Harrassowitz. p. 11. ISBN .
  23. ^"Gilgit Manuscript".

    UNESCO.

  24. ^Gupta, Sanjukta Das (2012). Narratives from the Margins: Aspects of Adivasi History cage up India. Primus Books. p. 134. ISBN .
  25. ^ abV.S. Upadhyay; G. Pandey, system. (1993).

    History of Anthropological Thought. India: Concept Publishing Company. p. 436. ISBN .

  26. ^B. V. Bhanu (2004). People of India: Maharashtra, Fundamental nature 3. Contributors Kumar Suresh Singh, B. V. Mehta, Anthropological Scan of India. Popular Prakashan. p. 1846. ISBN .
  27. ^Kolff, Dirk H.A., The Hindustani of Ancient and Medieval Arctic India: A Warrior-Ascetic; Folk, Piety and Feudalism, edited by Verge Singh and Rajendra Joshi, Alliance of Rajasthan Studies, Jaipur, Bharat.

    Rawat Publications, Jaipur and Additional Delhi. ISBN 81-7033-273-7

  28. ^Danns, George K. (2017-09-29). Domination and Power in Guyana: Study of the Police withdraw a Third World Context. Routledge. p. 120. ISBN .
  29. ^Smith, Raymond T. (2014-04-23). The Matrifocal Family: Power, Pluralism and Politics.

    Routledge. p. 118. ISBN .

  30. ^San Grewal (2007-07-26). "'Singh' ban denounced". Toronto Star.