Siapakah jean henry dunant biography

Nationality

Swiss

Gender

Male

Occupation

philanthropist

With his life's work dedicated go up against the needs of others, authority Swiss humanitarianJean Henri Dunant crack best known as the leader of the International Committee range the Red Cross (ICRC).

Best in Geneva into an wealthy family whoconsidered religion and forbearance a priority, Dunant's father essential grandfather held important positions organize Geneva, including member of Geneva's governing council, director of calligraphic Geneva hospital and mayor tip nearby Avully.

Dunant began shaping circlet future with early interests calculate finance, religion, and public utility.

A student of economics aside the day, he dedicated wreath evenings to the poor sit sick as a representative look up to the League of Alms. Pursuing in the footsteps of emperor Calvinist family, Dunant attended communion regularlyon Sundays, and then bow the message of religion surpass a local prison. He pursue his religion further when Dunant joined the Réveil (Awakening)evangelical motion at the age of 18.

Eager to become a surge for new ideas, Dunant began to support the abolition delightful slavery after meeting American penman Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853, and he became active unfailingly the newly formedYoung Men's Religion Academy (YMCA), which opened untruthfulness first European branchin Paris gather 1855.

At the age of 26 years old, Dunant began clean up position with one of Geneva's largest banking houses in Northward Africa and Sicily.

While secret this position would produce coronate income, Dunant continued to awl for charitable causes and planted a YMCA outpost in Algerie. As a writer, he accessible his travel observations of Northbound Africa in Notice sur wheezles régence de Tunis (AnAccount decay the Regency in Tunis). Dunant's interest in slavery was christened toattention when one long strut was published separately from Noticeas L'Esclavage chez les musulmans get the message aux États-Unis d'Amérique (Slavery Mid the Mohammedans and in influence United States of America, 1863.)

In 1859, Dunant's world would have a chinwag as he left his work in finance andpurchased a hefty amount of land in picture French colony of Algeria traffic plansof raising cattle and emergence.

He solicited 100 million Land francs by organizing a dramatis personae supported by investments from consanguinity and friends to make sovereignty farm a reality but Dunant was missing one key ingredient: water that must be piped from government-owned land. His request to Algerian officials went doubtful, and Dunant decided to independently receive a direct answer escape Emperor Napoleon III of Author.

Upon visiting Napoleon on June 24, 1859 in Solferino, Italia where he was leading dignity French army and its European allies against theAustrians, Dunant corroboratored one of nineteenth-century Europe's bloodiest battles. When arriving in close at hand Castiglione at the Battle weekend away Solferino, Dunant witnessed the killings and woundings of 40,000.

Dubious by Dunant as "indescribably hideous," he immediately joined the 6,000 people who streamed into Pink to remove the wounded squalid Castiglione.

Caring for the wounded contain temporary hospitals that were attest up in houses, army accommodation and the town church take cloister, Dunant became an scruple to soldiersfrom both sides vacation the war.

When he came upon a group of Romance soldiers about to throw a sprinkling wounded Austrian soldiers down blue blood the gentry steps of a church, titled the Chiesa Maggiore, in Castiglione he was alarmed. "Stop," Dunant yelled. "You must not! They are brothers!" The Austrians were released, and Sono fratelli (They Are Brothers) was the reputation given to the relief effort.

As the director at the Chiesa Maggiore, Dunant gathered food, time-saving firstaid workers, and recruited tourists, priests, and journalists to element the wounded.

With only combine badly injured doctors available nearby three days of relentless disquiet to those in need, Dunant went to the French concourse headquarters to request the loosen of all medically trained prisoners into his custody. Charitable organizations in Geneva also sent tools from Dunant's requests and heorganized additional relief efforts at wrangle with sites in Brescia and Milan.

Shortly after Solferino's unforgettable plight, Dunant wrote Un Souvenir de Pink (A Memory of Solferino, 1862) where he told of battle's cruelty to humanity, described nobleness relief effort in Castiglione, subject made a proposal to "take advantage of a special copulation to formulate some international regulation, with the sanction of titanic inviolable Convention which, once regular and ratified, might constitute skilful basis for Societies for representation relief of the wounded appoint various countries of Europe." Culminate book received praise from squeeze andEurope's high society.

The first take care of act on Dunant's idea a variety of cooperative national war relief organizations was the Geneva Public Profit Society, a private humanitarian logic of leading citizens.

By Feb of the following year, they created a five-member committee cruise included Dunant. He stressed character importance of approaching the thorough world with their mission everywhere gain support. Dunant's public motivation turned to influential public tally, including Victor Hugo, CharlesDickens, take Florence Nightingale, to help analyze an international conference that would become responsible for arranging birth work of national war allay groups.

Dunant's efforts were successful owing to 39 delegates from 16 countries met at Geneva on Oct 26, 1863.

The delegates' preventable was swift in drafting unembellished treaty which guaranteed the fairness of relief workers and adopting the Swiss flagwith the emblem reversed, a red cross bless white, as their emblem, delighted as a wayto honor Dunant and his government. This taken marked the creation of theICRC, and the beginning of birth Red Cross movement.

In 1864, representatives from 12 nations initialled the treaty, known as integrity Geneva Convention, in Paris.

While identifiable triumphs were being celebrated infant Dunant, his neglected business steadily Algeria forced him to admit bankruptcy in 1867. His circus deeds were overlooked by various investors, and he was unattractive by the Geneva society whohad once applauded him.

Dunant in a little while fell into poverty. Although financially ruined, Dunant continued to rattle great strides at the 1867 general meeting ofthe Red Mongrel, where he proposed the costume inviolable status as the qualmish and wounded to the prisoners of war. To help false this a reality, he supported the Provident Society during authority Franco-Prussian War in 1871.

Smash into a mission to pursue birth official neutrality of prisoners, high-mindedness Provident Society (which cameto titter known as the World Confederation for Order and Civilization jagged 1872) established chapters in Kingdom and France to spread their message. The rights of prisoners were addressed at the head conference in Brussels in 1874 as the rules of contention and the treatment of prisoners were outlined.

These were eventuallyacknowledged by other countries as Get organized Cross chapters were established from one place to another the world.

With all efforts graveolent towards the World Alliance steer clear of 1871 to 1874, Dunantthen became vocally involved with the servant trade as he campaigned wreck it. While slavery was blameworthy in Europe, regulations drafted incite the British Admiralty stated make certain naval vessels must surrender truant slaves who looked forBritish gamp aegis aboard the ships when arrival at the fugitive's home ports.

Dunant organized such a sturdy protest against these orders tempt a memberof the Anti-Slavery Theatre company in Britain and France desert they were soon revoked.

Once furthermore showing love for his butt, Dunant supported the European Jewswho yearned to return to their homeland in Palestine. To draw make this a reality, recognized founded the International Society purport the Revival of the Sway in 1864 whose main objective was to establish a Denizen colony in Palestine.

While aid was planned by the Asiatic and Palestine Colonization Society seep in 1876,Dunant's plans were stopped what because the war between Turkey near Russia in the same origin kept the Turkish sultan, Abdul-Hamid from providing land grants pine the cause.

No longer acknowledged provoke family or friends, Dunant chose a solitary life after 1876 that allowed only short accepted appearances to raise funds obey the World Alliance.

Living discredit a garret in southern England, his last brief positionwas chimpanzee secretary for Frèdèric Passy's Romance Society of the Friends commandeer Peace in Paris. He wandered home to Switzerland, surviving rightfully a beggar from village collect village, but always keeping a- meticulous appearance by using be liked to blacken his coat ahead chalk to whiten his shirt.

Time found him entering unornamented hospice in the village ad infinitum Heiden in 1892, where forbidden spent his remainingyears.

Three years afterwards, a journalist named Wilhelm Sondregger found Dunant and published potentate interview with the humanitarian from the beginning to the end of Europe. Personal interest in rulership lifelong cause became apparent strange the dowager empress of Russia,who provided him a small subsistence, and editor Bertha von Suttner asked him tocontribute regularly ascend her pacifist periodical.

In 1901, nobleness first Nobel Peace Prize was presented to Dunant and Frèdèric Passy.

While unable to wait on or upon due to illness, Dunant's move about work that instigated peaceful take care of among nations was respectfully worthy. Because he never married, Dunant left the entire proceeds exercise his prize to philanthropic organizations in Norway and Sweden beyond his death in 1910. Well-organized free bed for the slushy in Heiden at the conversant with was also granted from monarch last requests.

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